COMPUTER NETWORKING FOR CCNA BEGINERESS | PART - 4

             ( decimal – binary ) (binary – decimal)

There are 5 classes of IP

Classes                               Ranges             

A                                                 1-126 / 127  (loopback)     

B                                                 128-191

C                                                 192-223

D                                                 224-239 { RESERVED }

E                                                 240-254 { RESERVED }

• A, B, and C classes are for user only

• Class ‘D’ is for multicasting

• Class ‘C’ is for Research & Development

• Class ‘E & D’ is reserved ips

Converting Decimal ip into binary numbers

Ex:- 

192.168.0.1 

192 = 

• for converting decimal to binary divide by ‘2’

• binary value (bottom to top)

convert binary to decimal:-

( how to check binary value is correct )

• Base 2

• Ex:-

192
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
= 128 + 64 + 0 + 0 + 0+ 0
= 192 

 

• In the above example, we put base 2

• Like this

• Then base multiply with binary

• Binary with zero will be zero

• Binary will 1 got a value

• And the sum of all binary is a decimal number

• By this, we can check whether the binary number we found is correct or not

• And also used for converting binary numbers to decimal

HERE ARE A FEW MORE EXAMPLES:-

So you must have understood this much, I am giving you some more examples, you people try and tell the binary in the comments below.

SUBNET MASK OF ANY CLASS OF IP

Classes                               Ranges             

A                                        1-126 / 127 

B                                        128-191

C                                        192-223

D                                        224-239 

E                                         240-254

IPV4 –

1. NETWORK = 1

2. HOST = 0

Subnet mask:- divide IP into network and host part

• Network is 1

• Host is 0 

• Each octave is of 8 bits

For example:-

N.H.H.H

11111111,00000000,00000000,00000000

CLASS A:-

11111111,00000000,00000000,00000000 

255.0.0.0

CLASS B:-

11111111, 11111111,00000000,00000000 

255.255.0.0

CLASS C:-

11111111, 11111111, 11111111,00000000
255.255.255.0

HOW TO FIND THE NUMBER OF HOST IN CLASSES AS GIVEN BELOW

CLASS A:-

Number of hosts
 
N = 8 bits
 
H = 24
 
No of host = 2 ( host bits ) -2
 
= 2 24
 
= 16,777,216 – 2

= 16,777,214 total number of host

CLASS B:-

N.N.H.H
 
N = 16 bits
 
H = 16 bits
 
No of host = 2 ( host bits ) -2
 
= 216 -2
 

= 65,534 -2 = 65,534

CLASS C:-

N.N.H.H

N = 24 bits

H = 8 bits

No of host = 2 ( host bits ) -2

= 28 -2

= 256-2 =254