INTRODUCING THE LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM | LEARN LINUX

INTRODUCING THE LINUX OPERATING SYSTEM

Linux is an open-source operating system (OS). Which is simple, elegant, flexible, and secure.

The core of the Linux OS is the kernel. The kernel controls the resources of the computer and forms an interface between the user and the hardware.

Linux has an official mascot – the Linux penguin called Tux

Features of the Linux OS:-

• Multiuser

• Multiprogramming

• Time-sharing

• Virtual memory

• Share libraries

• POSIX compliance

• Samba

• Licensing

• Web server

• Other features

Why do we use Linux?

Linux is well known for being an open-source platform, which allows users to customize the system. This flexibility and customization make Linux an ideal choice for severe operational environments.

For example:- developers can access code repositories, modify source code, and build custom versions of the kernel.

Advantages of Linux:-

• Open source

• Reliability

• Backward compatibility

• Simple upgrade and installation process

• The low total cost of ownership

• Support for legacy devices

• GUI interface

• Multiple distributors

• Excellent security features

• Support for high user load

• Support for development libraries

Evolution of Linux

At the University of Helsinki in Finland, Linus Torvalds was developing Minix in the early 1990s. The UNIX operating system's capabilities struck Linus Torvalds as impressive. He wished to improve his own UNIX operating system and make it available to everyone free of charge. By writing the kernel's source code and giving it the moniker Linux, Torvalds worked on the project. The Linux operating system's kernel served as its main program. On the Internet, Torvalds made the Linux kernel accessible.

An entire operating system was created by combining the GNU system and the Linux kernel. Because Linus served as the kernel and the GINUsystem served as the operating system, it was referred to as GNU/Linux. The term "Linux operating system" refers to the GNU/Linux operating system.

The open development concept is used by Linux. The Linux kernel's source code is open for study, and Torvalds posted the updates online. This implies that everyone always has access to Linux's most recent development version. Additionally, Torvalds welcomes changes to the kernel source code. As a result, whenever a new Linux version with additional features is published, people work on the new version to remedy any flaws that may have been introduced. Torvalds does stringent quality control before integrating every new code into the kernel to guarantee stability. This contrasts with a closed paradigm, where a project team develops the software version and many stretches pass before users utilize it and correct any mistakes. 

A suitable approach is being developed to assist users with determining whether or not they are using a stable version of Linux. When x is an even number in version 1. x.y, it denotes a stable release of Linux. On the other hand, if x is an odd number, Linux is in a beta (trial) release.

The Linux operating system was developed in large part because of the Internet. Today, a large number of businesses offer online Linux help. Online Linux forums frequently offer free registration and subscriptions to the most recent news.

Identifying the Linux Architecture:-

The Linux operating system consists of the following three main components:

• Kernel

• Shell.

• Linux Utilities and Application Programs

These components are shown in the following figure.

The Components of the Linux Operating System

Shell is a user interface that hides intricate hardware details from the user. The core of the Linux operating system is the kernel, which is the central part of the operating system. The Linux utilities or commands are a collection of programs that handle day-to-day processing requirements.

Though Linux is a UNIX-like operating system, it differs from UNIX in some aspects. It has various distributions, such as Red Hat and Mandrake.

Kernel

The core of the Linux operating system is the kernel, which is the operating system program. The kernel controls the resources of a computer, thereby allotting them to different users and tasks. It interacts directly with the hardware, thus making the programs easy to write and portable across different hardware platforms.

As the kernel communicates directly with the hardware, the parts of the kernel must be customized according to the hardware features of each system. However, a user is not directly engaged by the kernel. Instead, each user's shell is launched during the login process, which is a standalone, interactive program.

Shell

Linux has a simple user interface called the shell, which has the power to provide the services that a user wants. It hides the intricate hardware details from users. The features of the shell will be discussed in subsequent sessions.

Linux utilities and application programs

The Linux utilities or commands are a collection of programs that service day-to-day processing requirements. These programs are invoked through the shell, which is itself another utility. Apart from the utilities provided as part of the Linux operating system, more than a thousand Linux -based application programs, Database Management System (DBMS), word processors, and various other programs are available from independent software vendors.

How to install Kali Linux in the system

[step by step]

1. Search in the browser (Kali Linux download) and Install the B4 installer download it

(we need 5o GB space for setup of Kali).

2. Search Rufus and install it on a PC.

3. Open Rufus select ios file of Kali from the PC download and click Start.

4. Restart pc and open boot manager and select the pen drive.

5. Before the 4th step we have to open this PC by right click selecting more options selecting manager on right click then disk management

6. Select disk and Shrink vol.

7. Enter the amt. space to Shrink the vol, and click shrink.

8. Allocate the disk and new sample vol.

9. Restart Pc click F2/f9 and open the Security column.

10. Select Secure Boot and disable it.

11. Restart the device and Press F12.

12. click Graphical install.

13. select language

14. select location

15. select Keyboard

16. Detect net hard clicK No.

17. Do not confinet.

18. Partition of Disk -> 50 GB => 25 /root

=> 20 /home

=> 5 / Swap area

19. for 25 GB/20 GB -> select the create a new partition

-> Beginning

20. if 50 GB is (nft) then delete the partition.

21. For 5 GB -> select to create a new partition

-> Beginning

-> Select a user and select the swap area.

22. Select the finished part and continue.

23. After Installing ask for a reboot system (continue It).

So that’s it for today guys if you want to learn more about Linux OS follow and stay tuned with guerillateck.com

Thanks for learning...

Starting a Linux session part 2 coming soon